1- Root grub
( Holotrichia consanguinea: H. serrata, Leucopholis lepidophora)
Identification of the pest :
i) Holotrichia consanguinea; H. serrata,
•Egg - White, almost round.
•Larva - Young grubs are translucent, whitish yellow in colour, fleshy ‘C’ - shaped
•Adults - Dark brown beetle
ii) Leucopholis lepidophora
•Larvae- creamy white with swollen dark last abdominal segment
•Adults – Reddish brown beetle with dark tinge
( Holotrichia consanguinea: H. serrata, Leucopholis lepidophora)
Identification of the pest :
i) Holotrichia consanguinea; H. serrata,
•Egg - White, almost round.
•Larva - Young grubs are translucent, whitish yellow in colour, fleshy ‘C’ - shaped
•Adults - Dark brown beetle
ii) Leucopholis lepidophora
•Larvae- creamy white with swollen dark last abdominal segment
•Adults – Reddish brown beetle with dark tinge
2- Termite
( Odontotermes obesus )
Symptoms of damage
•Poor germination of setts ( After Planting)
•Characteristic semi- circular feeding marks on the leaves in the standing crop
•Entire shoot dries up and can be pulled out easily
•Setts hollow inside and may be filled with soil
•Cane collapses if disturbed
•Rind filled with mud
Identification of the pest
•Cream coloured, tiny insects resembling ants with dark coloured head
( Odontotermes obesus )
Symptoms of damage
•Poor germination of setts ( After Planting)
•Characteristic semi- circular feeding marks on the leaves in the standing crop
•Entire shoot dries up and can be pulled out easily
•Setts hollow inside and may be filled with soil
•Cane collapses if disturbed
•Rind filled with mud
Identification of the pest
•Cream coloured, tiny insects resembling ants with dark coloured head
3-Mealy bug
(Kiritshenkella sacchari) ,
Pink mealy bug:
(Sacchricoccus sacchari )
Symptoms of damage :
•Pinkish, oval insects found beneath leaf sheath on the nodes
•White mealy coating
•Stunting of main cane and also attack roots
Identification of the Pest :
•Adult - Flattened, pinkish, oval with mealy coating
•Nymph - Third and fourth instar nymphs covered with white wooly secretion
•Adult - Apterous adults covered with white wooly secretion
•Ceratovacuna lanigera - Light green colour
•C. graminum - Light yellow in colour. Winged adult is black in colour
(Kiritshenkella sacchari) ,
Pink mealy bug:
(Sacchricoccus sacchari )
Symptoms of damage :
•Pinkish, oval insects found beneath leaf sheath on the nodes
•White mealy coating
•Stunting of main cane and also attack roots
Identification of the Pest :
•Adult - Flattened, pinkish, oval with mealy coating
•Nymph - Third and fourth instar nymphs covered with white wooly secretion
•Adult - Apterous adults covered with white wooly secretion
•Ceratovacuna lanigera - Light green colour
•C. graminum - Light yellow in colour. Winged adult is black in colour
4- Aphid :
( Melanaphis sacchari, M.indosacchari )
Symptoms of damage :
Yellowing of leaves, colonies of aphids in central leaf whorl presence of ants
Identification of the pest :
•Nymph - Yelow
•Adult - Purple
( Melanaphis sacchari, M.indosacchari )
Symptoms of damage :
Yellowing of leaves, colonies of aphids in central leaf whorl presence of ants
Identification of the pest :
•Nymph - Yelow
•Adult - Purple
5-Wooly Aphid :
(Ceratovacuna lanigera , Ceratovacuna graminum)
Symptoms of damage :
•Nymph and adults suck the sap from leaves
•Honey dew excrete – development of sooty mould fungus
•White chalk powder coating on the ground and leaves.
Identification of the pest :
•Nymph - Third and fourth instar nymphs covered with white wooly secretion
•Adult - Apterous adults covered with white wooly secretion
•Ceratovacuna lanigera - Light green colour
•C. graminum - Light yellow in colour. Winged adult is black in colour
(Ceratovacuna lanigera , Ceratovacuna graminum)
Symptoms of damage :
•Nymph and adults suck the sap from leaves
•Honey dew excrete – development of sooty mould fungus
•White chalk powder coating on the ground and leaves.
Identification of the pest :
•Nymph - Third and fourth instar nymphs covered with white wooly secretion
•Adult - Apterous adults covered with white wooly secretion
•Ceratovacuna lanigera - Light green colour
•C. graminum - Light yellow in colour. Winged adult is black in colour
6-Mealy bug :
(Sacchricoccus sacchari )
(Sacchricoccus sacchari )
7-Scale insect:
:(Melanaspis glomerata)
Symptoms of damage :
•Dark encrustations on the internode
Identification of the pest :
•Greyish black or brown circular scale
:(Melanaspis glomerata)
Symptoms of damage :
•Dark encrustations on the internode
Identification of the pest :
•Greyish black or brown circular scale
8-Cane mealy wing whitefly:
(Neomaskellia bergii)
Symptoms of damage :
•Black, grey or white dot like in appearance
•Infests under surface of leaves
Identification of the pest:
•Nymph - Brownish oval
•Adult - Black bands on wings
(Neomaskellia bergii)
Symptoms of damage :
•Black, grey or white dot like in appearance
•Infests under surface of leaves
Identification of the pest:
•Nymph - Brownish oval
•Adult - Black bands on wings
Life cycle of Whitefly:
(Aleurolobus barodensis )
Egg: Females lay eggs in a line near the midrib or any where on the lower surface of the leaves. Eggs are yellowish with a small curved stalk. Colour changes to black about two hours after the eggs are laid.
Nymph & Pupa: Neonate nymphs are pale yellow in colour, flat and oval in shape, later turn shiny black. Its body is surrounded by fringes of wax.The fourth instar being the pupal stage, is flat, oval, grayish in colour and slightly bigger than the nymph. There is a ‘T’ shaped white marking on the thorax, which splits at the time of adult emergence.
Adult: Pale yellow body with hyaline wings dusted with waxy bloom, exhibit brisk fluttering movements.
(Aleurolobus barodensis )
Egg: Females lay eggs in a line near the midrib or any where on the lower surface of the leaves. Eggs are yellowish with a small curved stalk. Colour changes to black about two hours after the eggs are laid.
Nymph & Pupa: Neonate nymphs are pale yellow in colour, flat and oval in shape, later turn shiny black. Its body is surrounded by fringes of wax.The fourth instar being the pupal stage, is flat, oval, grayish in colour and slightly bigger than the nymph. There is a ‘T’ shaped white marking on the thorax, which splits at the time of adult emergence.
Adult: Pale yellow body with hyaline wings dusted with waxy bloom, exhibit brisk fluttering movements.
Whitefly:
(Aleurolobus barodensis )
Symptoms of damage
•Yellowing of leaves turn pinkish latter
•Gradual drying and presence of sooty mould
Identification of the pest:
•Nymph - Neonate pale yellow – latter turn shiny black
•Adult - Pale yellow
(Aleurolobus barodensis )
Symptoms of damage
•Yellowing of leaves turn pinkish latter
•Gradual drying and presence of sooty mould
Identification of the pest:
•Nymph - Neonate pale yellow – latter turn shiny black
•Adult - Pale yellow
Leafhopper:
( Pyrilla perpusilla)
Symptoms of damage:
•Leaves become yellow
•Covered with black sooty mould
•Top leaves get dried up and lateral buds germinate
Identification of the pest :
*Nymph - soft, pale brown dorsally and pale orange ventrally with two characteristic anal filaments
•Adult - Straw coloured, head pointing forward as a snout
( Pyrilla perpusilla)
Symptoms of damage:
•Leaves become yellow
•Covered with black sooty mould
•Top leaves get dried up and lateral buds germinate
Identification of the pest :
*Nymph - soft, pale brown dorsally and pale orange ventrally with two characteristic anal filaments
•Adult - Straw coloured, head pointing forward as a snout
Top shoot borer:
(Scripophaga excerptalis )
Symptoms of damage:
•Parallel rows of shot holes in the emerging leaves and
•Red tunnels in the midribs of leaves
•Dead heart in grown up canes which cannot be easily pulled
•Dead heart reddish brown in colour
•Bunchy top due to growth of side shoots
Identification of the pest :
•Larva - Smooth, white or cream coloured with a red coloured mid dorsal line
•Adult - White coloured moth. Female has buff coloured anal tuft in abdominal tip
(Scripophaga excerptalis )
Symptoms of damage:
•Parallel rows of shot holes in the emerging leaves and
•Red tunnels in the midribs of leaves
•Dead heart in grown up canes which cannot be easily pulled
•Dead heart reddish brown in colour
•Bunchy top due to growth of side shoots
Identification of the pest :
•Larva - Smooth, white or cream coloured with a red coloured mid dorsal line
•Adult - White coloured moth. Female has buff coloured anal tuft in abdominal tip
Stem or internode borer:
bore holes,Larva, Adult,Frass
bore holes,Larva, Adult,Frass
Early shoot borer:
Early shoot borer:
(Chilo infuscatellus)
Symptoms of damage :
•Dead heart in 1-3 months old crop, which can be easily pulled out
•Rotten portion of the straw coloured dead heart emits an offensive odour
•Bore holes at the base just above the ground level
Identification of the pest :
•Larva - Five dark violet stripes and dark brown head
•Adult - Pale greyish brown moth with white hind wings
(Chilo infuscatellus)
Symptoms of damage :
•Dead heart in 1-3 months old crop, which can be easily pulled out
•Rotten portion of the straw coloured dead heart emits an offensive odour
•Bore holes at the base just above the ground level
Identification of the pest :
•Larva - Five dark violet stripes and dark brown head
•Adult - Pale greyish brown moth with white hind wings